Spine surgeons care for people with conditions affecting the neck, back, and spine. Some people seek treatment because of persistent back or neck pain, while others experience numbness, weakness, or pain that travels down the arms or legs. After assessing your symptoms and reviewing any imaging scans, the spine surgeon will recommend the most appropriate treatment. Depending on your condition, this may include physiotherapy, medication, injections, minimally invasive procedures, or surgery.

Slipped Disc (Herniated Disc)

A slipped disc occurs when the soft centre of a spinal disc pushes through its outer layer. As a result, it may press on nearby nerves and cause pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs. Although many people improve without surgery, some require an operation to relieve pressure on the affected nerve.

Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis develops when the spaces within the spine become narrower, placing pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. Common symptoms include back pain, leg pain, numbness, and difficulty walking. Early treatment can help relieve symptoms and improve mobility.

Scoliosis

Scoliosis is an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine. While mild cases may only require monitoring, more severe curves can affect posture, movement, and breathing. Depending on the severity, treatment may include bracing or surgery.

Degenerative Disc Disease

As people age, the spinal discs gradually lose water and flexibility. Over time, this natural wear and tear may cause chronic neck or back pain. Treatment often begins with conservative care, although surgery may be considered if symptoms continue to affect daily life.

Sciatica

Sciatica occurs when the sciatic nerve becomes irritated or compressed. As a result, pain may travel from the lower back into the buttock and down the leg. Most people improve with non-surgical treatment. However, persistent symptoms or significant nerve compression may require surgery.

Neck and Back Pain

Neck and back pain are among the most common reasons people see a spine surgeon. While many cases improve with rest, exercise, and physiotherapy, persistent or severe pain may need further assessment to identify the underlying cause.

Spinal Fractures

Spinal fractures may occur after accidents, sports injuries, or osteoporosis. Depending on the severity of the injury, treatment may involve bracing, minimally invasive procedures, or surgery to stabilise the spine.

Spinal Tumours and Infections

Although less common, tumours and infections can affect the spine and surrounding tissues. Early diagnosis is important because prompt treatment helps protect the spinal cord and preserve nerve function.

When Should You See a Spine Surgeon?

You should consider seeing a spine surgeon if you experience:

• Persistent neck or back pain
• Pain that spreads into the arms or legs
• Numbness or tingling
• Muscle weakness
• Difficulty walking or maintaining balance
• Loss of bladder or bowel control
• A spinal injury or fracture
• Persistent pain despite conservative treatment
• A spinal condition diagnosed on an imaging scan
• A referral for spinal surgery

Early assessment can help identify spinal conditions before they become more serious. In many cases, prompt treatment relieves pain, improves mobility, and helps protect nerve function.

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